Habitat:

A small herb common in India and Sri Lanka.1

Morphology Description (Habit):

The leaves are ovate, opposite, deltoid, hairy from below and wavy. The flowers are in small rounded terminal panicle. The flowers bloom in August to February. Flowers are white or pinkish and are very fragrant.1

Parts Used:

Root, Leaves, Whole Plant

Phytochemistry:

Pectolinaringenin, scutellarein, clerodin, clerodendrin, clerosterol, 24beta-ethylcholesta-5,22E,25-triene-3beta-ol, lup-20(29)-en-3-triacontanoate, 4,2',4'-trihydroxy-6'-methoxychalcone-4,4'alpha-D-diglucoside, 7-hydroxyflavone, 7-hydroxyflavanone-7-O-glucoside and alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-naringin-4'-O-alpha-D-glucopyranoside-5-methyl ether have been isolated from this plant.2

As per Ayurveda:

           Rasa (Taste)                 : Pungent, Bitter, Astringent

           Guna (Property)           : Light, rough

           Veerya (Potency)         : Hot

           Vipaka (End Result)      : Pungent

Pharmacological Actions:

As per Ayurveda, Agnimantha is Kaphavatahara. The primary pharmacological actions of this therapeutic herb are summarized as under:

Central Nervous System:

i. The bark of C. phlomidis can be of enormous use in the management of treatment of cognitive disorders such as amnesia and Alzheimer's disease.3

Respiratory System:

i. The extract has been observed to exhibit antihistaminic, mast cell stabilizing and decreased capillary permeability effect and hence possesses potential role in the treatment of asthma.4

Digestive System:

i. The leaf extract possesses significant anti-diarrheal activity, causing significant reduction in gastrointestinal motility.5

ii. Exerts significant antihepatotoxic activity.6

Musculoskeletal System: 

i. The extract possesses potent anti-arthritic activity.7

Others: 

i. It possesses significant analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities.8

ii. Exhibits anti-obesity activity.9

Indications:

Inflammatory and Vataja disorders

Lowered immunity

Arthritis

General weakness

References:

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clerodendrum_phlomidis

2. Mohan Maruga Raja MK, Mishra SH. Comprehensive review of Clerodendrum phlomidis: a traditionally used bitter. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2010 Jun;8(6):510-24.

3. Joshi H, Megeri K. Antiamnesic evaluation of C. phlomidis Linn. bark extract in mice. Revista Brasileira de Ci?ncias Farmac?uticas. 2008; 44(4).

4. Vadnere GP, Somani RS, Singhai AK. Studies on Antiasthmatic activity of aqueous extract of Clerodendron phlomidis. Pharmacologyonline. 2007; 1:487-494.

5. Rani S, Ahamed N, Rajaram S, Saluja R, et al. Anti-diarrhoeal evaluation of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. leaf extract in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 1999 Dec 15;68(1-3):315-9.

6. Verma A, Ahmad B. Anti-hepatotoxic activity of Clerodendrum phlomidis. International Journal of PharmTech Research. 2009; 1(4): 1028-1031.

7. Kilimozhi D, Parthasarthy V, et al. Effect of Clerodendrum phlomidis on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats ? A radiographic densitometric analysis. International Journal of PharmTech Research. 2009; 1(4): 1434-1441.

8. D Kilimozhi, V Parthasarathy, MN Jayant, R Manavalan. Antinociceptive, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of Clerodendrum phlomidis in mice and rats. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. ISSN: 1991-8631

9. Chidrawar VR, Patel KN, et al. Pre?clinical evolutionary study of Clerodendrum phlomidis as an anti?obesity agent against high fat diet induced C57BL/6J mice. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2012; 2(3): S1509-S1519.

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